With Ziarat Residency Burnt, A Piece of Pakistan Died Too

June 15, 2013 would now be remembered forever now. Today the legendary building that adorns our hundred rupee notes was burnt and destroyed in a targeted terrorist attack. All the historical photographs and furniture were destroyed and as always the militants escaped unhurt. Today, not just a wood and brick building was destroyed, but also a piece of Pakistan died with it too. 

Quick history check: Ziarat residency was constructed in 1892 with the idea of it becoming a sanatorium due to the presence of a Juniper forest in the area in which it was constructed. Later on it was converted into a summer residence of the Agent to the Governor General. But it being the building where Quaid e Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah spent his last days is what it makes it truly historical. Nations all around the world, preserve such places, securing them, guarding them from any calamity, manmade or natural. But we failed to protect our revered founder’s second last earthly residence.  Jinnah, loved the peace and quiet of Ziarat, as Fatima Jinnah in her book My Brother informs us, but he also said that it was easier to breathe in Quetta rather than Ziarat.

It was a majestic building, with so much history in it. Its walls were privy to the musings of the ailing leader who was concerned about the genocide that was happening along the border, worried about the future of the fledgling new created state, worried about who would replace him in the future and would he be able to keep the ship of Pakistan afloat. Its walls saw many leaders arrive, begging for Jinnah’s guidance. Its walls saw Jinnah fighting bravely against tuberculosis, unwilling to give up. The walls heard everything, the walls saw everything, but we never will.

 

The very fact that the founder of the nation’s residence has now been burnt down to the ground- destroyed in a militant attack- speaks volumes about where we as a nation have come down to since 1948. It is not just about the priceless archives, photos and Quaid’s furniture, it is not about the loss of a tourist hotspot in Ziarat. It’s about preserving the memories of a man who gave his all for our freedom. It is about the preserving the idea of Pakistan, where every ethnicity and religious group is free to live and practice its customs because this has nothing to do with the business of the state. But when intolerance and tyranny seeps in, it destroys the ideals on which this state was founded. When people are alienated with daily abductions, killings, then you force them down the path of separatism that further leads down towards terrorism. Burning down Ziarat Residency was a symbolic act of terrorism. An act to show the world that they don’t want to be part of Pakistan any more. By burning down Ziarat residency the terrorists have shown that the idea of being part of Pakistan is abhorrent to them. The impact of this event are enormous. How many people would go missing? How many pipelines would be blown up? How many Punjabis professionals would be shot in the aftermath? Would we approach this matter softly or come down harsh?

In a way, the burnt down hulk of Ziarat Residency is a perfect metaphor for the state of Pakistan’s affairs. Pakistan lies burnt to the ground with militancy, corruption, nepotism rife. May be in the future, Ziarat residency might be restored, replicas of furniture installed. But would we and our country be able to rise out of the ashes? That remains to be seen. I hope that our authorities would take appropriate steps to ensure the security of all places associated with Quaid e Azam.

For now, Dear Quaid, I am sorry, we couldn’t protect your property.

Authoritarianism Strikes Turkey

Some say it’s the Turkish Spring, others opine that it’s a protest by the increasingly sidelined secularists who feel that Prime Minister Tayyip Erdogan’s government is not listening to their voice and turning progressively dictatorial.

Turkey has seen a remarkable rise in its fortunes under Tayyip Erdogan’s government. Exports have increased tenfold in the last ten years, credit rating upgrades by Moody’s, JCR and other agencies around the world, stellar GDP growth rates and a growing political influence in Africa and Middle East have all made Turkey, a major regional power.  But all of this came at price. At least this is how the apparently wronged secularists feel. Their major beef with Erdogan’s AKP led government is that under his rule, the country has started to lean towards Islamization thereby abandoning the secular principles on which Mustafa Kemal Pasha founded modern Turkey.

Tayyip Erdogan’s track record in listening to public opinion and media freedom has been less than stellar than his economic and foreign policy wizardry. These protests that are largely a grassroots movement are essentially a disapproval of the Turkish prime minister’s increasingly authoritarian style of government.

The protests started with the Turkish government’s plans to build a shopping mall on the Gezi Park on Turkey’s iconic Taksim Square. The protesters maintained that the park was one of the few remaining green spaces in Istanbul. However, the Turkish government seemed to be unimpressed by these views and pushed ahead with the development. At the start the protestors numbered in just hundreds, but due to the brutal response of Turkish authorities, the numbers ballooned to hundreds of thousands and protests have spread to 67 town and cities including Ankara, Izmir and Konya. Well over 3000 protestors have been injured and so far 2 deaths have been confirmed. The viciousness of the crackdown on protestors has drawn condemnation from both AKP members and international governments. Even the Turkish president Abdullah Gul and Deputy Prime minister Bulant Arinc have spoken against the police brutality on peaceful protestors and urged the authorities to show restraint. But the most important person in this episode, Tayyip Erdogan has bluntly said,

“"I am not going to seek the permission of [the opposition] or a handful of plunderers”. He further said, "If they call someone who has served the people a 'dictator', I have nothing to say”.

It is becoming apparent that Erdogan is succumbing to the disease of self-righteousness and authoritarianism that has plagued the heads of countries emerging out of Arab Spring. For example, according to human rights groups, Morsi led government in Egypt is proving worse than Mubarak’s dictatorship with curbs on media, judiciary and attacks on protestors. It’s a phenomenon that occurs every time leaders are swept into power by a huge public mandate. They begin to think that only they know how to solve the country’s issues since the people have trusted them and thus they bypass all the checks and balances that are kept on the heads of states, turning increasingly paranoid and see enemies everywhere-in short they become dictators.

The protests that started from saving a park have now become a demonstration against Erdogan’s style of government. Turkish media has been silenced on the protests, but it has been the social media that has risen to the occasion. No doubt perturbed by the success of social media in sharing the brutality of government crackdown, Erdogan has condemned it- especially twitter- saying,

 “Now we have a menace that is called Twitter. The best example of lies can be found there. To me, social media is the worst menace to society.”

He also declared social media as a ‘danger to society’. Parallels with Arab dictatorships can be safely drawn.

These protests have cracked open the divisions in the Turkish society, on one side are the rising Muslim conservatives that helped Erdogan secure 50% mandate and on the other hand are the Kemalist secularists that are getting disconcerted with what they term are ‘Islamist’ views on alcohol consumption, morality, women rights, abortion and of course,  intolerance of critical views. Also, they fear that Erdogan will pass laws by the time of 2014 elections that enable more power to be vested in the President and might to try to become President.

Well, these protests have surely dented Erdogan’s bid to become a powerful president- if he tries to become one- and might also effect his election campaign in 2014. How much damage has Erdogan’s AKP sustained? It seems that 2014’s ballot will decide. In the meanwhile, just a humble advise to the Turkish PM: Please listen to your people.

Book Review : Inferno by Dan Brown. A Thriller Tourist Guide

With a Bourne Identity meets Dante meets Harris Tweed thriller, Dan Brown is back with a bang with his new novel, Inferno and with it we again meet the erudite Harvard symbolist Robert Langdon.

Much was speculated before Inferno hit the shelves, including whether the book would be about Da Vinci’s long lost master piece in Florence but the speculations have now been laid to rest.

Robert Langdon in this story finds himself in a Florence hospital with no recollections of how he got there and only has a laser pointer that reveals renaissance artist, Sandro Botticelli’s depiction of medieval literary giant, Dante Alighieri’s Inferno, which is a part of Dante’s epic poem the Divine Comedy, the other parts being, Purgatory and Paradise. Aided by the attractive 208 IQ Dr. Sienna Brooks, and hunted by shadowy Backwater type security agency, The Consortium. Langdon is launched on a quest to discover a weapon, built by a crazy mad scientist that has the ability to depopulate the planet of human species. To find that weapon, Langdon has to race against time, solving various puzzles and codes, travel from Florence, Venice to Istanbul before it’s too late to save the planet.

The novel deals with the futuristic concepts of trans-humanism (an international movement that aims to enhance human intellectual, physical and psychological abilities by using cutting edge scientific research), delves deep into the question of overpopulation and its effects on human civilization while exploring deepest recesses of the hell visualized by Dante more than 600 years ago .    

Although Inferno is definitely a page turner, it suffers from being a bit too formulaic. From Angels and Demons, Da Vinci Code, Lost Symbol to Inferno, it seems that Dan Brown is following a certain pattern for the Robert Langdon series, consisting of famous art pieces, a mad genius villain on an arcane quest, beautiful but intelligent female sidekick and a forever alone Robert Langdon. All of this actually has the effect of making the novels a bit too predictable. Although to Dan Brown’s credit, he does pull out some surprises, thus upsetting the formula he has so faithfully followed in the preceding novels, but then quickly reverts back to the same setting as the novel nears ending, speaking of which, I found the ending of the novel somewhat anti-climactic, considering the crescendo of revelations and surprises that he was building up towards the end.

Also, the book falls into the trap of erudition in which its predecessor, The Lost Symbol fell in, thus making the pace of the story lethargic. Parts of the novel give an impression that Dan Brown is acting more like a tour guide rather than a thriller author. It seems that he is under pressure from the armies of fans and detractors alike who religiously dissect every piece of fact to either uncover some hidden knowledge or to prove that Brown is really a nutjob. And thus the author in order to impress (apparently) tries to cram ever more information so that you got to have an encyclopedia with you every time while you are reading the book.

Compared to Lost Symbol, this book is less lethargic, but unfortunately nowhere near the genius of Da Vinci Code, Angels and Demons, Deception Point and Digital Fortress. That does not mean that Inferno doesn’t make up for a good read. The novel might make up for a summer blockbuster, but that, so far is undecided.

 Moreover it seems that Dante’s Divine Comedy will enjoy a brief resurgence in readership amongst the younger audience before slowly fading back to relative obscurity.

Despite some factual errors and a slow moving narrative, it nonetheless is a highly interesting read and towards the conclusion, the novel is unputdownable.

Inferno definitely deserves a place in your bookshelf. 

The Syrian Bear Trap

It seemed an unlikely alliance, an unholy matrimony, when Syrian rebel Jihadis and USA joined arms to get rid of embattled Syrian President Bashar Al Assad. Jihadis and USA maintained a tacit alliance, rebels didn’t disturb USA and USA returned the favor by not disturbing them despite clear indications that Al Qaida was behind them. All of that was kept under the table and it seemed that we were back to the good old days of Soviet-Afghan war where jihadis had the blessings of CIA. Jihadi rebels became more effective, car bombings increased, suicide attacks multiplied but NATO and USA remained mostly mum.

All of that now, unfortunately (sarcasm intended ) , is set to change as the most fundamentalist and undoubtedly successful Syrian jihadist group, Jabahat-an-Nusra’s leader Abu Mohammed Al Jawlani has  publically declared allegiance to Ayman Zawahiri’s Al-Qaida, thus placing the organization –literally-at Israel’s doorstep. Al Qaida’s “official” presence is now a cause of headache for both Israel and USA, as it is the very last group on planet Earth that Israel needs nearby. USA formally declared Jabahat-an-Nusra as a terrorist organization last year but didn’t take any action.

For jihadis that are now pouring from Libya, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, Jordan, Tunisia, Palestine, Lebanon, Australia, Chechnya, Kuwait, the United Arab Emirates, Kosovo, Azerbaijan, France, Iraq and Spain etc.  into Syria, it is now a golden opportunity to establish a fundamentalist Islamic state in Syria (as has been their demand) and on cue Al-Qaida’s wing in Iraq, Islamic State in Iraq has announced to merge with Jabahat-an-Nusra to create a caliphate consisting of Iraq and Syria called Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS), in the style of the 7^th century Islamic caliphate.

For the Americans and their regional allies, Jabahat-an-Nusra’s formidable fighting force of 5000 men along with undercover operatives and suicide bombers presents a serious challenge to the already fragile security apparatus in the Middle East.

It is now becoming increasingly evident that when the Syrian civil war is over and done with, Jabahat An Nusra would eventually fall out with Free Syria Army (FSA) (endorsed by USA and NATO and the official rebel army in Syria) and with seasoned fighters coming from Iraq and other neighboring battle fields, it would eventually succeed in stopping FSA from gaining further power and quite possibly open the way for bringing the Syrian war into Iraq against the Shiite government over there, led by Nouri Al Maliki. The battlefield of Syria is waiting to be spread all over, the chemical weapons that Assad possesses might fall into very wrong hands.

 

And to support this doom laden conjecture, out came Assad himself giving a dire warning to the western nations that the current support of USA and its allies to Syrian opposition groups will turn Syria into the next Afghanistan where the 1980’s support of jihadis by USA led to the rise of AL Qaeda and Taliban. ‘West will pray a high price’ he exclaimed in a state television interview.

Could, the rise of Alqaeda in Syria trigger western intervention?

Possibly so. 

The US now sensing the danger (again created due to its apparent folly)  has decided to put 200 intelligence, logistics and operations specialists from the Army’s 1st Armored Division in Jordan to help check violence along the Syrian-Jordanian border, help in ‘humanitarian aid supplies’, and plan for potential military strikes inside Syria. Chuck Hagel, the new US Defense Secretary  (highly unpopular with AIPAC) said that military option will be the last resort, but the worsening situation in Syria is showing no signs of betterment and Assad’s forces, despite  the repeated rebel onslaughts have largely withstood their ground with aid from Iran.

Obama is wary and doesn’t want to drag USA into another war which is showing every possible sign of being as costly as the Iraq and Afghanistan misadventures, if USA really decides to physically intervene. 

But the American intervention will only strengthen Jabahat as its branding as a terrorist organization by the US in 2012 only increased its jihadist credentials. Also, it is an established fact that Al-Qaida and its affiliates thrive in violence. Given this scenario, is Al Qaeda using Syria as a bait for US to come into Syria and hence drag the whole region into chaos? 

It’s a theory that another Al Qaeda affiliate, AQAP (Al Qaeda in Arabian Peninsula) is putting into action, as it stated last year that it wanted to drag USA into another “bleeding war”. Could this be the strategy that AL Qaeda is employing in Syria as well? Would USA take the bait? Could this prove to be the same ‘Bear Trap’ that USA had laid for the Soviets in Afghanistan years ago and which Al Qaeda is laying for US? Only time will tell.

The Joke that is Poll Scrutiny

On 2nd April, I was reading Dawn Newspaper when my eyes fell upon this headline:

“Poll Scrutiny turns into an Islamic Studies Test”

And then of course we all heard about how veteran and brilliant columnist, Ayaz Amir's application was turned down by the returning officer because in the past his articles have been accused of being against the "ideology of Pakistan".

Word is that ECP officials are employing “ruthless scrutiny” measures for properly screening the candidates. Candidates from different parties are being asked questions about Islamic injunctions, and upon failure to properly answer; the returning officers are rejecting  candidates applications thus enjoying their five minutes of media fame.

In order to grasp the sheer foolishness of such a process, let us run through this small mental exercise:

Suppose a candidate from an XYZ political party having degrees in civil engineering, town planning etc from prestigious universities around the globe, and who plans to introduce many changes in his constituency if elected as an MNA, presents his credentials to the ECP returning officer, who checks the documents. The returning officer , let’s assume, asks him to recite ‘Ayat-ul-Qursi’ , and let us suppose that the candidate doesn’t know it, and just on that basis the returning officer dismisses  the candidate’s  application. Degrees, aims and objectives, plans and policies be damned.

So now, those degrees, credentials and professional experiences are irrelevant, because the ECP official has to be satisfied that the candidate has necessary knowledge of Islam rather than governance to become Member of Parliament according to Articles 62 and 63.

After such a ‘Zia-esque’ demonstration of electoral scrutiny, I am guessing that the said ECP officials somehow time traveled from the good old’ Islamist 80s into 2013.

Thankfully, the political parties also have taken issue with these practices and ANP’s Mr. Bashir Jan was quite right in saying that “One can’t reject an honest and upright candidate just because he has not learnt any Quranic verse by heart”.

In the recent years, much has been written over the utter pointlessness of articles 62 and 63 and to summarize various commentaries, the contents of these articles are mostly vague and terms like “good character” ,“abstains from sins” etc can be easily slanted to serve one’s own purpose.  It would be highly irrational to even presume that 90% of parliamentarians have never indulged in major sins and I have not even begun commenting on 63-G (defaming judiciary) as politicians in the past and present have been guilty of indulging in it with relish.

The main point that can be gleaned from such articles in our constitution is that though the political parties are proposing to launch many projects and reform initiatives, one key reform that all parties have overlooked is the constitutional reform. It is irrational to build a tall building if the structure on which you plan to erect the building is corroded and fragile.  No reform, no policies in Pakistan can succeed unless and until structural changes in our constitution are made. Abnormalities like the Blasphemy laws, parallel judicial system (Federal Shariat Court), Articles 62-63, 203, are glaring examples. 

Thus before attempting to screen candidates, the ECP, respected lawmakers and upholders of those laws should revisit Quaid-eAzam’s oft quoted (and oft forgotten) excerpt from his 11th August 1947 speech:

“… You may belong to any religion or caste or creed - that has nothing to do with the business of the State...”

Sadly, we have mixed religion with the business of the state and evolved into the exact anti-thesis of what the Quaid preached on 11th August 1947. Hence, now it has become more important to remember Quranic verses then to have proper educational and professional credentials. This has to end.

PS: On Ayaz Amir's case I shall just say  as  epigrammaticaly as possible:

There never was an Ideology of Pakistan. The  closest thing that we had near to an ideology died on the streets of Dhaka on December 1971, so don't kid us.